A new book published today explains how the famous mummy Takabuti was likely to have been murdered over 2,600 years ago. Editors Professor Rosalie David from the University of Manchester and Professor Eileen Murphy from Queen’s University Belfast, say a military ax was probably used from behind as she was running away from her assailant.
According to the team’s latest research, the most likely weapon was an ax rather than a knife as previously suggested. The killer could have been an Assyrian soldier, they say, though the ax was also a key weapon for the Egyptian army, so she may have fallen victim to one of her own people. Holding an ax with his arms bent to give the murderer maximum force for the thrust into her ribs caused terrible injuries, and death was probably instant.
The mummy Takabuti was probably killed by an ax blow
The weapon, which has a blade with a semi-circular sharp edge at least 7–7.5 cm in length, corresponds to the injuries she sustained. The book, called The Life and times of Takabuti in ancient Egypt: investigating the Belfast mummy, is published by Liverpool University Press. A range of techniques, including DNA analysis, x-rays, CT scans, analyses of the hair and mummification packing materials, proteomics, and radiocarbon dating, were all used on tiny fragments of material. This enabled the teams at the University of Manchester and Queen’s University Belfast to unravel the mystery of the mummy Takabuti’s life and times.
Analysis of the CT scan of Takabuti’s body revealed that she had died as a young woman in her late 20s or early 30s. Proteomics revealed no evidence of ongoing illness. Takabuti’s title, written on her coffin, indicates that she was a married woman who supervised a substantial household — probably at Thebes — where Luxor is today. Professor Rosalie David, an Egyptologist from the University of Manchester’s KNH Centre for Biomedical Egyptology, said:
“It is somewhat comforting to know that Takabuti’s death — though violent, was quick and she probably didn’t suffer for long. But Ancient Egyptians often survived until middle age, so the tragedy of her death at such a young age is stark. We’ve worked so much with her, it’s hard not to feel close to her as a person.
“And she was probably much loved by her family: her body was tended to with great care after she died: her hair was neatly cut and was carefully curled and styled. Because we have been able to identify the shape of the wound and the angle of entry of the murder weapon, we think an axe was probably responsible. It is, however difficult to be absolutely definitive because the morphology of the wound has been significantly distorted.”
Professor Eileen Murphy added:
“This book is the result of several years of painstaking work. It adds to our understanding of not only Takabuti, but also wider historical context of the times in which she lived.
“And the cutting-edge scientific analysis we employed- demonstrates how new information is accessible thousands of years after a person’s death. Our team — drawn from a range of institutions and specialisms — was in a unique position to provide the necessary expertise and technology for such a wide-ranging study.”
Provided by: University of Manchester [Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.]
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