Pei Huaigu, a distinguished figure in the Tang Dynasty, is celebrated for his exceptional governance and unwavering integrity. His tenure as the prefect of Bingzhou marked a period of profound admiration and respect from the populace.
During the Shenlong era, Pei’s consistent excellence in administrative achievements led to his promotion to the esteemed position of Left Yulin General, necessitating his return to the capital. This news sparked an unprecedented reaction from the people of Bingzhou and the local gentry, who collectively petitioned for his continued service in their region. Remarkably, even before Pei could reach the capital, he was reappointed to Bingzhou, a testament to his extraordinary impact on the region.
Return to Bingzhou: A testament to Pei Huaigu’s popularity
Upon his reappointment, Pei Huaigu’s return to Bingzhou was met with immense joy and celebration. Citizens from all walks of life, young and old, gathered outside the city to welcome him back. This overwhelming show of affection presented a delicate situation, particularly for Cui Xuandao, Pei’s immediate successor. Aware of the potential embarrassment this might cause Cui, Pei attempted to disperse the gathering crowd to preserve Cui’s dignity. However, the people’s enthusiasm only intensified, reflecting their deep affection and respect for Pei.
Adherence to principles: The case of Monk Jingman
Pei’s reputation for integrity and principled governance was further solidified during his service as an imperial censor in the Yifeng era. In a notable incident involving Empress Wu Zetian, Pei was assigned to investigate and punish Jingman, a high-ranking monk accused of serious misconduct. Despite the Empress’s clear expectations and the severe implications of the case, Pei conducted a fair and unbiased investigation. Ultimately, he exonerated Jingman and instead imprisoned the accusers, demonstrating his commitment to justice and the rule of law, even in the face of imperial pressure and potential personal risk.
Diplomatic challenges: The Turkish detention
Pei’s diplomatic skills and steadfast loyalty were put to the test during the Shengli era. Alongside another envoy named Yan, Pei was detained by the Turks during a diplomatic mission. Faced with coercion to betray his homeland, Pei resolutely refused, famously declaring his preference for death over dishonor. His unwavering stance not only earned him the respect of his captors but also ensured his eventual escape and return to China.
Quelling the Lingnan Rebellion
Pei Huaigu’s remarkable leadership was vividly displayed during the Lingnan Rebellion, a tumultuous period in the region of Shi’an. The rebellion, spurred by the oppressive actions of local officials, was led by Ouyang Qian and rapidly escalated, drawing tens of thousands into its ranks. The insurgents launched attacks on cities and provinces, creating a significant challenge for the Tang Dynasty’s stability.
Appointed as the governor of Guizhou to address this crisis, Pei Huaigu showcased his unconventional and strategic approach to conflict resolution. Before the full assembly of the military forces, Pei issued a proclamation to the rebels. His announcement outlined the advantages of surrendering and the potential repercussions of continuing the rebellion. This proactive step led to an unexpected development: many rebels approached Pei to explain the circumstances that had driven them to revolt.
Understanding their plight and recognizing their sincerity, Pei believed that assuaging their fears of retribution from the government would be pivotal in resolving the conflict. In a bold and unprecedented move, Pei decided to meet the rebels in their stronghold, unarmed and unguarded. This decision perplexed and worried his subordinates, who cautioned him about the unreliability and potential danger of dealing with the rebels.
Pei Huaigu, however, remained steadfast in his belief in the power of trust and sincerity. He famously remarked, “Faithfulness and trustworthiness can move the gods, not to mention the people on the border.” With this conviction, he ventured into the rebel camps, engaging them with empathetic dialogue and assurances of fair treatment. His courageous and genuine approach resonated deeply with the rebels. Moved by his words and the promise of justice, they surrendered en masse, returning the plundered goods and ceasing their uprising. The conflict was resolved peacefully, without a single battle.
The news of this extraordinary feat reached the imperial court, leaving officials in disbelief. Pei Huaigu’s strategy, rooted in empathy and integrity, not only quelled a major rebellion but also demonstrated a profound understanding of human nature and leadership. His actions during the Lingnan Rebellion further cemented his legacy as a leader of exceptional courage and moral conviction.
Translated by Audrey Wang
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